Immigration & Citizenship in Armenia (Third‑Country Nationals)

1. Legal Foundations

Immigration in Armenia is governed by the Law on the Legal Status of Foreign Citizens (2006) and the Citizenship Law (1995). Article 14 of the Armenian Constitution allows simplified citizenship for individuals of Armenian descent.

2. Visa Policy & Entry

Armenia permits visa-free entry for citizens of CIS, EEU, and EU/EFTA countries—either 180 days/year or 90 days per 180-day period, depending on nationality.

Most other travelers may apply for:

  • Visa-on-arrival (valid up to 120 days, ~15,000 AMD fee)

  • E‑Visa (also valid for 120 days, ~€34 fee)

Fee-free visa-on-arrival is also available to some nationals who hold valid long‑term visas or residency from select countries.

3. Residence Permit Options

Temporary Residence (1 year, renewable)

Issued to:

  • Students

  • Workers

  • Spouses/relatives of Armenian citizens or residents

  • Entrepreneurs

  • Ethnic Armenians, etc.

  • Annual fee: ~105,000 AMD (lower for some nationals like U.S. citizens)

  • Processing time: up to 30 days

  • Renewal: Required 30 days before expiry

Permanent Residence (5 years)

Eligibility:

  • At least 3 years of lawful residence

  • Ethnic Armenian status

  • Entrepreneur or close relative of a citizen/resident

  • Must show proof of income and housing

  • Valid for: 5 years

  • Renewable: Yes

  • Processing time: Around 30 days

Special Residence ("Special Passport")

Issued to:

  • Ethnic Armenians

  • Foreign nationals contributing significantly to Armenia's economic or cultural development

Benefits include:

  • 10-year validity, renewable

  • Special Armenian passport

  • No military service obligation

  • Right to work and invest without additional permits

  • Visa-free travel rights

  • Approved via Presidential Decree

4. Work & Business Residency

There is no labor quota or labor market test for foreign workers.

Work permits are generally issued alongside a temporary residence permit for:

  • Employees of Armenian companies

  • Students

  • Volunteers

  • Entrepreneurs

Exemptions from needing separate work permits:

  • Entrepreneurs

  • Investors

  • Ethnic Armenians

  • Citizens of EEU countries (e.g., Russia, Kazakhstan)

Business pathway:

  • Foreign entrepreneurs can qualify through company ownership or investment.

  • In some cases, a donation of ~USD 6,000 towards rural development projects may qualify an applicant.

5. Citizenship / Naturalization

Standard Pathway:
Applicants must:

  • Be 18+ years old

  • Have legally resided in Armenia for 3 consecutive years

  • Speak Armenian

  • Pass a constitutional knowledge test

Simplified Pathway:
Available to:

  • Ethnic Armenians

  • Spouses or close relatives of Armenian citizens

  • Former Armenian citizens

These applicants may be exempt from the language or residence requirements.

  • Citizenship is granted by Presidential Decree

  • Processing time: Up to 90 working days

  • Application fee: Set to rise to ~50,000 AMD (~USD 100) in early 2025

  • Renunciation fee: ~150,000 AMD

Dual Citizenship:

  • Permitted

  • Must notify the government

  • Dual citizens cannot hold elected positions

Note: Non-ethnic Armenian applicants often face bureaucratic delays or denials even if they meet formal requirements.

6. Military Service for New Citizens (Ages 27–37)

As of February 12, 2024, male applicants aged 27–37 who receive Armenian citizenship must either:

  • Serve 12 months in the military, or

  • Pay ~2.5 million AMD (~USD 6,000–7,000) to be exempt

Exemptions:

  • Men over 37

  • Those who completed 12 months military service abroad

  • Those who performed 18 months of alternative service

⚠️ Key Insights & Trends

  • Rising citizenship applications:

    • 2022: ~25,000

    • 2023: ~19,000

    • First 9 months of 2024: ~16,000

    • Driven largely by the Armenian diaspora

  • Armenia is digitizing its citizenship process to improve processing speed.

  • Armenia has tightened entry and overstay enforcement for certain nationalities.